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Research Focus · Domain 01

POST-QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY

The cryptography protecting your data today was not designed for a world with quantum computers. The transition has already begun — and the timeline is shorter than most boards realise.

A strategic research library for executives, CISOs, CTOs, and board directors. Five focused briefings covering threat, standards, sector risk, migration, and market landscape.

FIPS 203/204/205
NIST Standards
2035
NSA CNSA 2.0 Deadline
10–20 Yr
Enterprise Migration Window
$2T+
Crypto Assets Exposed
Executive Summary

What Boards Need to Know

For Boards, CISOs, CTOs & Risk Committees
The five things that matter for your next strategy meeting
01
A sufficiently powerful quantum computer will break RSA, ECC, ECDSA, and Diffie-Hellman — the algorithms securing nearly all of today's TLS, VPN, signed software, payment systems, and PKI. Nation-state adversaries are already harvesting encrypted data to decrypt later.
02
In August 2024, NIST finalised three post-quantum standards: FIPS 203 (ML-KEM), FIPS 204 (ML-DSA), and FIPS 205 (SLH-DSA). They are now shipping in Apple iMessage, Signal, Chrome, AWS, and Cloudflare. The technology question is settled.
03
The US has mandated federal migration by 2035 (NSA CNSA 2.0), with cryptographic inventories required now under OMB M-23-02. The UK NCSC and EU regulators are publishing parallel guidance. Regulated industries should expect mandatory deadlines within five years.
04
Migration is not a software patch. It requires a cryptographic inventory, hybrid deployment phase, hardware (HSM) refresh, certificate chain rebuilds, and ongoing crypto-agility. For most enterprises this is a five-to-ten year programme.
05
The single most important board-level decision today is not which algorithm to use — it is whether to start the discovery and inventory phase now. For any organisation with data secrecy requirements beyond 10 years, the safe migration window is already closing.
The Research Library

Five Focused Briefings

Each briefing answers one strategic question. Read in any order. Start with the one most relevant to your next decision.

01
Why this matters
The Quantum Threat
How quantum computers break today's cryptography, who is harvesting your data now to decrypt later, and a live tool for modelling whether you are already too late to begin migration.
Shor & GroverHarvest-Now-Decrypt-LaterWhat breaksMisconceptionsMosca's framework
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~7 min read
02
What has been built to address it
Standards & Algorithms
The eight-year NIST competition, the five mathematical foundations of post-quantum cryptography, and a working reference to the six standardised algorithms now replacing RSA and ECC.
NIST timelineMath familiesML-KEM · ML-DSASLH-DSA · FalconHQC · McEliecePerformance
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~8 min read
03
What it means for your industry
Sector & Regulatory Impact
The global compliance landscape — US, UK, EU, Germany, France — alongside a sector-by-sector risk matrix and the $2 trillion blockchain exposure most boards have not yet modelled.
NSA CNSA 2.0NCSC · ENISANIS2 · BSI · ANSSIIndustry riskBlockchain exposure
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~6 min read
04
What you actually do about it
Migration Strategy
The five-phase migration programme, the infrastructure layers that need rebuilding, the deployments already in production, and an honest account of what could still go wrong.
5-phase roadmapPKI & HSMsReal deploymentsTooling stackResidual risksSceptical view
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~9 min read
05
Who you work with and what to read next
Market Landscape & FAQ
The PQC vendor ecosystem with regional context, the questions executive committees ask first with direct answers, and a curated list of authoritative sources for deeper investigation.
PQShield · SandboxAQThales · EntrustISARA · evolutionQFAQReferences
Read briefing →
~6 min read
Diarka Quantum · Advisory Services
From Briefing to Action

We translate the strategic, technical, and regulatory dimensions of post-quantum cryptography into action your executive team and board can authorise with confidence.

PQC Readiness Assessment
Cryptographic inventory, Mosca-framework risk modelling, and a board-ready briefing on your specific exposure profile.
Migration Strategy & Roadmap
A phased migration plan covering discovery, prioritisation, hybrid piloting, vendor selection, and crypto-agility architecture.
Executive & Board Briefings
Structured briefings tailored to non-technical executives, risk committees, and board directors who need to authorise the programme.
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All Research Domains
Browse all four research areas defining how quantum computing becomes practically useful for business.
Coming Next ▶
Quantum Optimisation
QAOA, VQE, and quantum annealing applied to portfolio, supply chain, and combinatorial business problems.
Research Library · Last reviewed May 2026 · Diarka Quantum Limited